Science Vitamins And Deficiency Diseases
Quick Revision: Vitamins & Deficiency Diseases | RRB Science
FAT-SOLUBLE (A, D, E, K) – Remember ADEK = “All Dogs Eat Kibble”
| Vitamin | Other Name | Chief Source | Deficiency Disease | Extra Buzz |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Retinol | Carrot, Fish-liver oil | Night-blindness, Xerophthalmia | Keep 20/20 vision—A for eyes |
| D | Calciferol | Sun-UV milk, egg | Rickets (kids), Osteomalacia (adults) | D for “D” bones |
| E | Tocopherol | Wheat-germ oil | Sterility, Muscle weakness | E for “E"nd of fertility |
| K | Phylloquinone | Green leafy veg | Delayed clotting → haemorrhage | K for “K"lotting |
WATER-SOLUBLE (B-complex & C) – B-right C-lear
| Vitamin | Other Name | Chief Source | Deficiency Disease | Memory Hook |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Thiamine | Whole cereals | Beriberi (3B: B1 → Beri) | |
| B2 | Riboflavin | Milk, eggs | Cheilosis, Glossitis | 2 = two lips cracked |
| B3 | Niacin | Meat, groundnuts | Pellagra (3D’s: Diarrhoea, Dermatitis, Dementia) | Niacin → No pellagra |
| B5 | Pantothenic acid | Pulses | Burning-feet syndrome | 5 fingers → feet burn |
| B6 | Pyridoxine | Fish, banana | Convulsions, Anaemia | 6 = si(x) seizures |
| B7 | Biotin | Egg yolk | Dermatitis, Hair loss | 7 = Bald luck |
| B9 | Folic acid | Leafy greens | Megaloblastic anaemia | 9 = Full blood cells |
| B12 | Cobalamin | Meat, milk | Pernicious anaemia | 12 = Red blood rescue |
| C | Ascorbic acid | Citrus, amla | Scurvy (bleeding gums) | C → Citrus → Collagen |
Quick Stats to Recall
- 900 µg – Adult daily Vit-A limit (too much → toxicity)
- 40 IU of Vit-D = 1 µg (exam favourite conversion)
- 60 mg – Daily Vit-C need; 10 mg/day prevents scurvy
- 1932 – Year Vit-C isolated (remember C → 32)
- 1913 – Vit-A discovered (odd 13 → A is 1st letter)
5-Second Mnemonic
“A-D-E-K stay in body fat, the B-C rush out in urine—so eat them daily!”
🔍 10 Likely RRB Questions (click to expand)
🔍 10 Likely RRB Questions (click to expand)
-
Q: Night-blindness is caused by the deficiency of which vitamin?
A: Vitamin A -
Q: Which vitamin is also called Cobalamin?
A: Vitamin B12 -
Q: Name the disease whose symptoms are the 3 D’s—Dermatitis, Diarrhoea, Dementia.
A: Pellagra (deficiency of Niacin/Vit-B3) -
Q: Which vitamin helps in blood coagulation?
A: Vitamin K -
Q: Rickets in children is due to the deficiency of ______.
A: Vitamin D -
Q: Which vitamin is lost first when milk is boiled repeatedly?
A: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) -
Q: Cheilosis and magenta tongue are characteristic of deficiency of ______.
A: Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) -
Q: Which water-soluble vitamin is stored in the liver for more than a year?
A: Vitamin B12 -
Q: The human body can synthesise this vitamin on exposure to sunlight—name it.
A: Vitamin D -
Q: Which vitamin deficiency leads to Megaloblastic anaemia?
A: Folic acid (Vit-B9) or Vitamin B12
BETA
