अर्थव्यवस्था बैंकिंग शब्दावली
Banking Terms Glossary – RRB Quick Revision
🏦 Core Banking Terms
- Repo Rate – Rate @ RBI lends to banks for 1 day ↔️ ↑ rate = loans costlier
- Reverse Repo – Rate @ banks park surplus with RBI ↔️ ↑ rate = liquidity sucked
- CRR – 4% of NDTL kept as cash with RBI (no interest)
- SLR – 18% of NDTL in liquid assets (Govt. sec., gold)
- Bank Rate – 6.75% (May-24) → long-term loans, no collateral
- MSF – Marginal Standing Facility; repo+0.25% → banks borrow only after SLR exhausts
- Base Rate ≤ MCLR ≤ Repo-linked → lending rate hierarchy
💰 Deposit & Loan Jargon
- NDTL – Net Demand & Time Liabilities (core deposit base)
- CASBA – Current, Savings, Term deposits; C=0% int, S=3-4%, T=fixed
- NPA – interest/principal overdue >90 days
- SMA – Special Mention Account (1-90 days overdue)
- Write-off ≠ waiver; only books cleaned; recovery still chased
🏛️ RBI & Policy Rates Snapshot (May-24)
| Tool | % | Change window | Mnemonic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repo | 6.50 | Bi-monthly MPC | R=6.5 remember |
| Reverse Repo | 3.35 | Automatic corridor | 3.35 < 6.50 |
| CRR | 4.00 | RBI Act | 4 fingers |
| SLR | 18.0 | RBI Act | 18 = adult age |
| Bank Rate | 6.75 | Linked to MSF | 675 = 6.75 |
| MSF | 6.75 | Repo + 0.25% | MSF = Most-Six-Five |
📊 Capital & Risk Terms
- CRAR / CAR – 9% min (Basel III) → Tier-I 7%, Tier-II 2%
- Tier-I – Equity; Tier-II – Revaluation reserves, subordinated debt
- LCR – Liquidity Coverage Ratio ≥ 100% (30-day stress)
- NSFR – Net Stable Funding Ratio ≥ 100% (1-year)
- Leverage Ratio – Tier-I capital / total exposure ≥ 3.5%
🏦 Key Banking Acts & Dates
| Act / Reform | Year | 1-liner |
|---|---|---|
| RBI Act | 1935 | Central bank birth |
| Banking Regulation Act | 1949 | Bank national framework |
| Bank Nationalisation | 1969 | 14 banks; 1980: 6 more |
| Narasimham-I | 1991 | CRAR concept, income recognition |
| Narasimham-II | 1998 | Stronger NPA norms |
| FRBM | 2003 | Fiscal prudence for govt. |
🧠 Memory Tricks
- CRR-SLR 4-18 → CRR=4 wheels, SLR=18 adults vote age
- Repo>Rev-Repo → “Reverse is always lower”
- CAR 9% → Cricket 9 fielders mandatory
- NPA 90 days – 90 = 3 months = 1 full quarter
📌 Digital & New-Age Terms
- UPI – real-time mobile push; ₹1 = max free P2P
- IMPS – 24×7; ₹5 Lakh cap; MMID for non-IFS
- NEFT – half-hourly batches; no cap
- RTGS – ≥ ₹2 Lakh; real-time gross
- CBDC (e₹) – pilot Nov-22; same as fiat but digital
🏦 Development Banks & Nicknames
- NABARD – Refinance @3% to rural co-ops
- SIDBI – MSMEs; refinance via banks
- EXIM – Export credit; ₹₹ foreign trade
- MUDRA – Shishu ₹50k, Kishore ₹5L, Tarun ₹10L
🔟 Likely RRB Exam MCQs
-
Current SLR as per RBI is ___ % of NDTL.
A) 3.0 B) 4.0 C) 18.0 D) 9.0 → C -
Minimum CRAR under Basel III in India is:
A) 8% B) 9% C) 10% D) 11% → B -
Which rate is used for RBI overnight lending to banks?
A) Bank Rate B) Repo C) MSF D) LAF → B -
NPA classification starts after how many days?
A) 30 B) 60 C) 90 D) 120 → C -
The maximum daily P2P UPI transaction limit is:
A) ₹50k B) ₹1 Lakh C) ₹2 Lakh D) ₹5 Lakh → B -
Which of the following is NOT part of NDTL?
A) Demand deposits B) Time deposits C) Inter-bank deposits D) Certificates of deposit → C -
“Kishore” category under MUDRA covers loans up to:
A) ₹50k B) ₹5 Lakh C) ₹10 Lakh D) ₹20 Lakh → B -
The ratio of Tier-I capital to total exposure is called:
A) CAR B) Leverage Ratio C) LCR D) SLR → B -
In which year were the first 14 banks nationalised?
A) 1949 B) 1955 C) 1969 D) 1980 → C -
Full form of CBDC is:
A) Central Bank Digital Currency B) Core Banking Digital Credit
C) Commercial Bank Digital Cash D) Currency & Bank Deposits Certificate → A
Last-day mantra: Revise 4-18-9-90-1L → CRR-SLR-CAR-NPA-UPI limits.
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