Physics Formulas

⚡ Quick-Revision: Physics Formulas for Railway Exams


🔥 Mechanics

Quantity Formula Mnemonic
Force F = ma “F=Ma” sounds like “Effort = Move it!”
Momentum p = mv “p” for push
Work W = F·s·cosθ Work = Force slides
Power P = W/t Power is Work time
Kinetic Energy KE = ½mv² “Half-em-vee-square”
Potential Energy PE = mgh “Em-G-H” = Mountain-Gravity-Height

🌊 Fluids & Thermo

  • Density: ρ = m/V → “Rho = Mass per Volume”
  • Pressure: P = F/A → “Press = Force over Area”
  • Buoyant Force: F = ρgV → “Rho-g-V lifts you up”
  • Ideal Gas: PV = nRT → PeVe NeRaTa (Hindi: Pee-Vee-Nerat)
  • Heat: Q = mcΔT → “Q = mc-Delta-T” like McDonald’s ΔT burger

Electricity & Magnetism

Name Formula Trick
Ohm’s Law V = IR Very Impolite Rascal”
Power (elec) P = VI = I²R = V²/R Play Virtual India”
Resistance (series) R_eq = R₁ + R₂ + … “Sum up”
Resistance (parallel) 1/R_eq = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ “Flip & add”
Force on charge F = qvB sinθ Fast queen van Bends”

🌌 Waves & Light

  • Wave speed: v = fλ → “Very fast λambda”
  • Lens formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u → “Friend Visits U
  • Refractive index: n = c/v → “n is c over v
  • Snell’s Law: n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂ → “N1-S1 = N2-S2

🚀 Motion in 1-D

  • v = u + at
  • s = ut + ½at²
  • v² = u² + 2as
  • Mnemonic: “Unique Attitude Takes Success”

🧲 Magnetic Field

  • Straight wire: B = μ₀I/(2πr) → “Mu-Zero-I-over-2-Pi-r
  • Solenoid: B = μ₀nI → “n turns give Boost”

🎯 10 Rapid-Fire MCQs

1. A 2 kg mass accelerates at 4 m/s². Force is? **Ans:** 8 N (F = ma = 2×4)
2. Power = 100 W, time = 5 s. Work done? **Ans:** 500 J (W = P×t)
3. KE of 4 kg mass at 10 m/s? **Ans:** 200 J (½×4×10²)
4. 3 resistors 2 Ω each in series. R_eq? **Ans:** 6 Ω
5. Same 3 resistors in parallel. R_eq? **Ans:** 2/3 Ω
6. Frequency 50 Hz, λ = 4 m. Wave speed? **Ans:** 200 m/s (v = fλ)
7. A lens has f = 20 cm, u = 30 cm. v is? **Ans:** 60 cm (1/v = 1/f – 1/u)
8. Q = 2 kg copper, c = 0.4 J/g°C, ΔT = 50°C. Q in kJ? **Ans:** 40 kJ (Q = mcΔT = 2000×0.4×50)
9. Current 2 A, resistance 5 Ω. Power? **Ans:** 20 W (P = I²R)
10. A body falls freely from rest for 5 s (g = 10 m/s²). Distance? **Ans:** 125 m (s = ½gt²)

Last-minute tip: Write formulas on 3×3 sticky notes—stick on your mirror; glance twice daily → Retained till exam day!