ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ – ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକାଲ୍ (ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍) ଏବଂ ଆରଏସ୍/ଇଏମ୍ୟୁ/ମେଟ୍ରୋ ସେବା ପାଇଁ କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ସଂଗଠନ

ଏକ “ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍” କ’ଣ ?

  • ଇସି = ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକାଲ୍ (ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍) କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ସଂଗଠନ
    • ଏହା ରେଳବୋର୍ଡର ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକାଲ୍ (ଟିଆରଡି) ଡାଇରେକ୍ଟୋରେଟ୍ ଅଧୀନରେ ଏକ ଅଣ-ଭୌଗୋଳିକ, କ୍ୟାଡ୍ର-ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ଏକକ।
    • ଏକାଧିକ ରେଳବାଇ ଜୋନ୍କୁ ସେବା ଯୋଗାଉଥିବା ଉଚ୍ଚ-ମୂଲ୍ୟ, ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିଗତ ବିଶେଷ ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକାଲ୍ ସମ୍ପତ୍ତିଗୁଡିକୁ ଏକତ୍ରିତ କରିବା ଏବଂ କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ଭାବରେ ନିରୀକ୍ଷଣ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରାଯାଇଛି।
    • ଏହା ଏକ ଉତ୍ପାଦନ ଏକକ (ପିଇଉ) ପରି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରେ କିନ୍ତୁ ଏହାର “ଉତ୍ପାଦ” ହେଉଛି ରୋଲିଂ-ଷ୍ଟକ୍ ରକ୍ଷଣାବେକ୍ଷଣ ଏବଂ ଅବସ୍ଥାପନା ଉନ୍ନୟନ।
    • ପ୍ରଥମ ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ – ଇସିଆରଏସ୍, କୋଲକାତା (୧୯୬୨) ଇଆର୍ ଏବଂ ଏସ୍ଇଆର୍ ର ଇଏମ୍ୟୁ/ଏମ୍ଇଏମ୍ୟୁ ରେକ୍ ପାଇଁ।
    • ନବୀନତମ ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ – ଇସିଆରଏସ୍ସି, ଭିଲାଇ (୨୦୧୮) ଡବ୍ଲିଉଏଜି-୧୨ବି ଏବଂ ଡବ୍ଲିଉଏଜି-୯ଏଚ୍ଡି ଲୋକୋ ପାଇଁ।

1. ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିଗତ ସୂଚନା

ପାରାମିଟର ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟକରଣ
ଭୋଲ୍ଟେଜ୍ ପ୍ରଣାଳୀ 25 kV, 50 Hz, single-phase ac (since 1957)
କ୍ୟାଟେନାରୀ (ଓଏଚ୍ଇ) ଉଚ୍ଚତା 5.60 m ± 0.05 m (BG), 4.27 m (MG heritage)
ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ଶକ୍ତି ଆବୃତ୍ତି 50 Hz ± 2 %
ଶକ୍ତି ବ୍ଲକ୍ ପ୍ରୋଟୋକଲ୍ 15 kV “neutral section” every 40–60 km
ଫେରସ୍ତ କରେଣ୍ଟ ପଥ Rails + 150 mm² Cu earth wire + AT return feeder
ଦୂରସ୍ଥ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ SCADA (IEC 60870-5-104) via OFC backbone
ରକ୍ଷଣାବେକ୍ଷଣ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟକାଳ IOH 18 months / POH 6 yrs (loco), 9 yrs (EMU)

ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ ତିନୋଟି ଭର୍ଟିକାଲ୍ ହ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡଲ୍ କରେ:

  1. ରୋଲିଂ ଷ୍ଟକ୍ (ଆରଏସ୍) – ଲୋକୋ, ଇଏମ୍ୟୁ, ଏମ୍ଇଏମ୍ୟୁ, ମେଟ୍ରୋ କାର୍।
  2. ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ବିତରଣ (ଟିଆରଡି) – ଓଏଚ୍ଇ, ଟିଏସ୍ଏସ୍, ଏସ୍କାଡା, ସୁଇଚିଂ ଷ୍ଟେସନ୍।
  3. ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ରୋଲିଂ ଷ୍ଟକ୍ ଡିପୋ (ଟିଆରଡି) – ପିଟ୍-ଲାଇନ୍, ଲିଫ୍ଟିଂ ଜ୍ୟାକ୍, ଚକ ଲେଥ୍।

2. ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ତଥ୍ୟ ଏବଂ ଆଙ୍କଡ଼ା

  • ମୋଟ ୮ଟି ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ (୩୧ ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୦୨୪ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ)

    କୋଡ୍ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ନାମ ମୁଖ୍ୟାଳୟ ବର୍ଷ ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକଳାପ
    ECRS Electrical Central Organisation (Rolling Stock) Kolkata 1962 1st EMU sheds
    ECRC Electrical Central Organisation (RDSO) Lucknow 1966 Standards & testing
    ECOR East Coast EC Vishakhapatnam 1975 WAG-5/WAG-7 loco
    ECSW South-Western EC Hubballi 1980 WDG-4/WDP-4B
    ECNR Northern EC New Delhi 1985 WAP-5/WAP-7
    ECSR Southern EC Chennai 1990 WAP-4/WAG-9
    ECCR Central EC Nagpur 2000 WAG-9/WAP-7
    ECSC South-Central EC Bhilai 2018 WAG-12B (12 000 HP)

  • ମାନବଶକ୍ତି – ≈ 45 000 regular staff (65 % Technical Supervisors, 20 % Artisan, 15 % Ministerial).

  • ମୂଳଧନ ବ୍ୟୟ ୨୦୨୩-୨୪ – ₹ 6 820 cr (highest among all PUs/ECs).

  • ଶକ୍ତି ବିଲ୍ ସଞ୍ଚୟ – 1.26 BU (2022-23) through regenerative braking & HOG.

  • ରେକର୍ଡ ଲୋକୋ ବ୍ୟବହାର – 588 km/loco/day (ECNR zone, FY-23).

3. ଐତିହାସିକ ମାଇଲଖୁଣ୍ଟ

ବର୍ଷ ଘଟଣା
1925 First 1.5 kV DC traction – Harbour line, Bombay
1957 25 kV AC adopted as National Standard
1962 ECRS formed for 9-car EMU rakes
1966 RDSO ECRC cell started; first silicon rectifier
1980 First solid-state chopper on 1.5 kV DC EMU (Bombay)
1987 WAP-1 (first indigenous 25 kV AC loco) rolled out CLW
1995 3-phase drive WAG-9 prototype tested by ECRC
2000 First 140 km/h WAP-5 run Delhi-Agra
2010 Head-On-Generation (HOG) introduced Rajdhani
2018 WAG-12B (12 000 HP) imported technology by ECSC
2021 100 % electrification target announced – 65 000 RKM
2023 First indigenous IGBT-based 9000 HP WAG-9H flagged off

4. ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ସ୍ଥିତି ଏବଂ ସାମ୍ପ୍ରତିକ ଅଦ୍ୟତନ (୨୦୨୪)

  1. ମିଶନ୍ ୨୦୨୪ – 100 % electrification of BG routes (achieved 85 % by Jan 2024).
  2. WAG-12B – 120 locos already homed at ECSC/Bhilai; next 80 under Make-in-India clause.
  3. Energy-neutral Chennai–Gudur section (ECSR) – 104 % regeneration achieved (2023).
  4. Kavach (ATP) – EC divisions driving retro-fit; 1500 km covered till Mar 2024.
  5. OHE height raised to 7.57 m on DFCCIL corridors for double-stack container traffic.
  6. New TRD policy 2023 – POH cycle increased from 6 to 9 yrs for 3-phase locos (condition-based).
  7. Green certification – ECNR & ECOR awarded ISO 50001:2018 (Energy Management).
  8. Railway Budget 2024 – ₹ 6500 cr allocated for TRD & HOG infrastructure.

5. 15+ MCQs – Ec Divisions

5. 15+ MCQs – Ec Divisions

  1. ଭାରତୀୟ ରେଳର ପ୍ରଥମ ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକାଲ୍ ସେଣ୍ଟ୍ରାଲ୍ ଅର୍ଗାନାଇଜେସନ୍ (ଇସି) ଡିଭିଜନ୍ କେଉଁଟି ଥିଲା?

A) ECNR, New Delhi

B) ECRS, Kolkata

C) ECSR, Chennai

D) ECWR, Mumbai

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: ECRS (Electrical Central Organisation, Kolkata) was the pioneer division for managing large-scale electrification projects on Indian Railways.

  1. ECNR ର ମୁଖ୍ୟାଳୟ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ

A) Lucknow

B) Ambala

C) New Delhi

D) Prayagraj

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: The ECNR (Electrical Central Northern Railway) division is headquartered in New Delhi.

  1. WAG-12B (12000 HP) ଲୋକୋଗୁଡିକ କେଉଁ ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ରେ ରଖାଯାଇଛି?

A) ECNR

B) ECSC, Bhilai

C) ECOR

D) ECR, Hajipur

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: The high-horsepower WAG-12B locomotives, used for heavy haul, are primarily homed and maintained at the Bhilai facility under ECSC.

  1. ଭାରତରେ ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକ୍ ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ପାଇଁ ଜାତୀୟ ମାନକ ଭୋଲ୍ଟେଜ୍ ହେଉଛି

A) 1500 V DC

B) 11 kV AC

C) 25 kV, 50 Hz, 1-phase AC

D) 33 kV, 50 Hz, 3-phase AC

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: Indian Railways has standardized 25 kV, 50 Hz, single-phase AC as the national standard for electric traction.

  1. କେଉଁ ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ଉପକରଣର ମାନକ ଏବଂ ପରୀକ୍ଷଣ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରାଥମିକ ଭାବରେ ଦାୟୀ?

A) ECRS, Kolkata

B) ECRC, Lucknow (RDSO)

C) ECNR, New Delhi

D) ECSC, Bhilai

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: ECRC Lucknow, functioning under RDSO, is responsible for setting technical standards and testing all traction-related equipment.

  1. ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକ୍ ଲୋକୋ ପାଇଁ IOH (ଇଣ୍ଟରମିଡିଏଟ୍ ଓଭର୍-ହୋଲ୍) ର ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟକାଳ ହେଉଛି

A) 12 months

B) 18 months

C) 24 months

D) 36 months

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: Electric locomotives undergo Intermediate Over-Haul every 18 months to ensure the reliability of electrical and mechanical components.

  1. ହେଡ୍-ଅନ୍-ଜେନେରେସନ୍ (HOG) ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତି ପ୍ରଥମେ କେଉଁ ଟ୍ରେନ୍ରେ ପରିଚିତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା?

A) Vande Bharat Express

B) Gatimaan Express

C) Rajdhani Express (2010)

D) Shatabdi Express

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: HOG technology, which draws power from the OHE to feed the coaches, was first introduced on the Rajdhani Express in 2010.

  1. BG ଟ୍ରାକ୍ ଉପରେ OHE କଣ୍ଟାକ୍ଟ ୱାୟାରର ଉଚ୍ଚତା ସାଧାରଣତଃ ରକ୍ଷା କରାଯାଏ

A) 4.80 m

B) 5.20 m

C) 5.60 m

D) 7.50 m

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: For standard Broad Gauge tracks, the normal contact wire height is 5.60 metres above the rail level.

  1. ୨୦୨୩ ମସିହାରେ କେଉଁ ସେକ୍ସନ୍ ୧୦୪ % ପୁନରୁତ୍ପାଦକ ଶକ୍ତି ବ୍ରେକିଂ ହାସଲ କରିଥିଲା?

A) Delhi–Agra

B) Chennai–Gudur (ECSR)

C) Howrah–Asansol

D) Mumbai–Pune

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: The Chennai–Gudur section under ECSR recorded a milestone in energy efficiency through high levels of regenerative braking.

  1. ଭାରତୀୟ ରେଳର ମିଶନ୍ ୨୦୨୪-୨୦୨୫ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ ହେଉଛି

A) 50 % electrification

B) 75 % electrification

C) 100 % electrification of BG routes

D) Introduction of Maglev

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: Indian Railways is currently finalizing its mission to achieve 100% electrification of all Broad Gauge routes by the 2025-2026 period.

  1. ECNR ଏବଂ ECOR କୁ ସାମ୍ପ୍ରତିକ ସମୟରେ ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯାଇଥିବା ଶକ୍ତି ପରିଚାଳନା ପ୍ରଣାଳୀ ସାର୍ଟିଫିକେସନ୍ ହେଉଛି

A) ISO 9001:2015

B) ISO 14001:2015

C) ISO 50001:2018

D) ISO 45001:2018

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: ISO 50001:2018 is the international standard for energy management systems awarded to divisions achieving high energy efficiency.

  1. DFCCIL ଡବଲ୍-ଷ୍ଟାକ୍ କରିଡୋର୍ ଗୁଡିକର OHE ଉଚ୍ଚତା ଅଛି

A) 5.60 m

B) 6.50 m

C) 7.57 m

D) 8.20 m

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: To accommodate double-stack containers, the Dedicated Freight Corridor OHE height is maintained at 7.57 metres.

  1. ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ଵଦେଶୀ 25 kV AC ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକ୍ ଲୋକୋ କେଉଁଟି ଥିଲା?

A) WAM-1

B) WAP-1

C) WAG-7

D) WAM-4

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: WAP-1 was the first passenger locomotive designed and built indigenously for the 25 kV AC system.

  1. 2×25 kV ପ୍ରଣାଳୀରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ଫେରସ୍ତ ଫିଡର୍ କଣ୍ଡକ୍ଟରକୁ କୁହାଯାଏ

A) Catenary wire

B) Contact wire

C) AT (Auto-Transformer) feeder

D) Earth wire

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: In the 2×25 kV system, the Auto-Transformer (AT) feeder acts as the return conductor to minimize interference and voltage drop.

  1. 3-ଫେଜ୍ ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକ୍ ଲୋକୋ ପାଇଁ POH ସାଇକେଲ୍ 6 ବର୍ଷରୁ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଇଛି

A) 7 years

B) 8 years

C) 9 years (condition-based)

D) 12 years

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: Due to the high reliability of 3-phase technology, the POH (Periodic Over-Haul) cycle has been extended to 9 years based on condition monitoring.

  1. ଟିଆରଡି ଦୂରସ୍ଥ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ ପାଇଁ ଭାରତୀୟ ରେଳ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଗ୍ରହଣ କରାଯାଇଥିବା SCADA ପ୍ରୋଟୋକଲ୍ ହେଉଛି

A) Modbus RTU

B) Profibus

C) IEC 60870-5-104

D) SNMP

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: Indian Railways uses the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol for its SCADA systems to manage traction power distribution remotely.

  1. ଭାରତରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରିକ୍ ଟ୍ରାକ୍ସନ୍ ପରିଚିତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା

A) Howrah–Hooghly

B) Delhi–Meerut

C) Bombay Harbour line (1.5 kV DC, 1925)

D) Madras Beach–Tambaram

Show Answer Correct Answer: C Explanation: Electric traction first started in India on February 3, 1925, on the Bombay Harbour line using a 1.5 kV DC system.

  1. ଉତ୍ତର ରେଳବାଇର WAP-5/WAP-7 ଲୋକୋର ରକ୍ଷଣାବେକ୍ଷଣ ଦେଖଭାଳ କରୁଥିବା ଇସି ଡିଭିଜନ୍ କେଉଁଟି?

A) ECNR

B) ECRS

C) ECSR

D) ECWR

Show Answer Correct Answer: A Explanation: ECNR (Northern Railway) is the primary division responsible for the maintenance and operations of high-speed WAP-5 and WAP-7 locomotives.

  1. ଭାରତୀୟ ରେଳରେ ସର୍ବୋଚ୍ଚ ଲୋକୋ ବ୍ୟବହାର (588 km/day) କ୍ରେଡିଟ୍ କରାଯାଇଛି

A) ECOR

B) ECNR zone (FY-23)

C) ECSR

D) ECRS

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: ECNR recorded the highest average locomotive utilization on the network, reaching 588 km per day per loco.

  1. “କବାଚ୍” ହେଉଛି ସ୍ଵଦେଶୀ ଭାବରେ ବିକଶିତ

A) Train lighting system

B) Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system

C) E-ticketing app

D) Freight tracking software

Show Answer Correct Answer: B Explanation: Kavach is India’s indigenous ATP system designed to prevent collisions and ensure trains stay within speed limits.

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