Geography India – Quick Revision
Geography India – Quick Revision
Key Points (One-Liners)
- Highest peak – Kangchenjunga (8,586 m, Sikkim).
- Longest river – Ganga (2,525 km).
- Largest lake – Wular Lake (J & K, fresh-water).
- Southern-most point – Indira Point (Great Nicobar).
- Western-most point – Guhar Moti (Gujarat).
- Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 states: GJ, RJ, MP, CG, JH, WB, TR, MZ.
- States with maximum coastline – Gujarat > Andhra > Tamil Nadu.
- Oldest mountain range – Aravallis (Delhi-Mt. Abu).
- Highest rainfall place – Mawsynram (Meghalaya).
- Largest delta – Sundarbans (Ganga-Brahmaputra).
- Only active volcano – Barren Island (Andaman Sea).
- Largest desert – Thar (Rajasthan, 2,00,000 km²).
- Highest plateau – Deccan Plateau (peninsular India).
- States sharing border with China – JK, HP, UK, SK, AR.
- Longest national highway – NH-44 (Srinagar-Kanyakumari, 4,112 km).
- Zero-mile stone (geographical centre) – Nagpur.
- States through which Satpura range passes – GJ, MH, MP, CH.
- Largest mangrove forest – Sundarbans (UNESCO site).
- India’s only floating national park – Keibul Lamjao (Manipur).
- State with maximum forest cover (% of area) – Mizoram (>75 %).
Important Formulas/Rules
| Formula/Rule | Application |
|---|---|
| Standard meridian of India = 82°30′ E | Gives IST (UTC + 5:30 h) |
| 1° long = 4 min time difference | Calculate local time |
| 1° lat ≈ 111 km | Estimate distance N-S |
| Area of India = 32,87,263 km² (2.4 % of world) | Rank 7th |
| Coastline length (mainland) ≈ 6,100 km | Add 7,516 km with islands |
| Highest Peak formula: Himalaya > Karakoram > NE hills | Remember K2 is outside India |
| Western Ghats = continuous; Eastern Ghats = discontinuous | Peninsular drainage pattern |
| Monsoon rule: SW (summer) on-shore; NE (winter) off-shore | Seasonal rainfall |
| Coriolis force zero at equator, ↑ toward poles | Cyclone rotation N-hemi: anti-clockwise |
Memory Tricks
- 8-TRICK: Tropic of Cancer → 8 states (GJ-RJ-MP-CG-JH-WB-TR-MZ).
- Guj-And-TN: Coastline length order – Gujarat > Andhra > TN.
- BARREN = BLOWN UP: Barren Island – only active volcano (remember “blown”).
- S-W-E: Satpura-Western Ghats continuous; Eastern Ghats broken.
- “Kang-chen-ju-na”: Kang = Kanchenjunga = K-state (Sikkim).
Common Mistakes
| Mistake | Correct Approach |
|---|---|
| Calling K2 as India’s highest peak | K2 lies in POK; Kangchenjunga is India’s highest |
| Confusing Chilika (Odisha) as largest fresh-water lake | Wular (JK) is largest fresh; Chilika is largest coastal (brackish) |
| Placing Indira Point in Andaman | It is in Nicobar (Great Nicobar) |
| Saying Aravallis run N-S | They run NE-SW in Delhi-Rajasthan |
| Counting 7 states under Tropic of Cancer | List 8 (add Tripura & Mizoram) |
Last Minute Tips
- Glance at India outline-map every morning – visual memory = longer retention.
- Revise only your mistake notebook 24 h before exam – fresh errors > fresh topics.
- Use watch technique: 45 s per GK question; mark & move, revisit later.
- In options, pick the extreme value only if 100 % sure; examiners love traps.
- Reach centre 90 min early; carry original + photocopy ID – many lose 15 min hunting xerox.
Quick Practice (5 MCQs)
Q1. Which range forms the natural boundary between India and Pakistan in J & K?
Ans: Pir Panjal range (Option: Pir Panjal)
Q2. The Tropic of Cancer does NOT pass through which of these?
Ans: Bihar (Option: Bihar)
Q3. India’s only river with a “male” name is:
Ans: Brahmaputra (son of Brahma) (Option: Brahmaputra)
Q4. Largest brackish water lake in India is:
Ans: Chilika Lake (Odisha) (Option: Chilika)
Q5. The Deccan Plateau is primarily made up of:
Ans: Igneous basalt rocks (Option: Igneous)
BETA
