जीके के महत्वपूर्ण आविष्कार और आविष्कारक
🚀 Important Inventions & Inventors – RRB Quick Revision
🔑 Top 20 One-Liner Facts
- Wheel – Mesopotamia (~3500 BCE) → oldest known invention
- Printing Press – Johannes Gutenberg, 1440
- Steam Engine – James Watt, 1769 (improved Newcomen’s engine)
- Locomotive – George Stephenson, 1814 (“Rocket” 1829)
- Telegraph – Samuel Morse, 1844 (first message: “What hath God wrought”)
- Telephone – Alexander Graham Bell, 1876 (patent 7 March)
- Light Bulb – Thomas Edison, 1879 (carbon filament, 13½ h life)
- Diesel Engine – Rudolf Diesel, 1897
- Radio – Guglielmo Marconi, 1901 (first trans-Atlantic signal)
- Television – John Logie Baird, 1926 (mechanical TV)
- Penicillin – Alexander Fleming, 1928
- Jet Engine – Frank Whittle, 1937
- Computer (programmable) – Konrad Zuse, 1941 (Z3)
- Transistor – Bardeen, Brattain & Shockley, 1947 (Bell Labs)
- Integrated Circuit – Jack Kilby, 1958
- Microprocessor – Intel 4004, 1971
- WWW – Tim Berners-Lee, 1989
- Email – Ray Tomlinson, 1971 (@ symbol)
- Mobile Phone – Martin Cooper (Motorola), 1973
- USB – Ajay Bhatt (Intel), 1996 → Indian origin
📅 Invention Timeline Table (Must-Know Dates)
| Year | Invention | Inventor | Exam Highlight |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1440 | Printing Press | J. Gutenberg | 15th Century |
| 1769 | Steam Engine (improved) | James Watt | 18th Century |
| 1876 | Telephone | A. G. Bell | Century +100 |
| 1879 | Light Bulb (practical) | T. Edison | 19th Century end |
| 1901 | Wireless Signal | Marconi | 20th Century start |
| 1928 | Penicillin | A. Fleming | Pre-WWII |
| 1947 | Transistor | Bell Labs trio | Post-WWII |
| 1971 | Microprocessor 4004 | Intel | Same year e-mail |
🇮🇳 Indian / India-Linked Inventors
| Name | Invention/Contribution | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose | Wireless coherer (precursor to radio) | 1895 |
| Satyendra Nath Bose | Boson particle (with Einstein) | 1924 |
| CV Raman | Raman Effect (Nobel 1930) | 1928 |
| Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam | SLV-3, Missile Man (not inventor, but project head) | 1980s |
| Ajay Bhatt | USB standard | 1996 |
🧠 Memory Tricks & Mnemonics
- “Bell’s call in 76” – Telephone patent 1876.
- “Watt’s steam 69” – 1769 → steam engine.
- “Fleming’s fungus 28” – Penicillin 1928.
- “Marconi’s 1901 letter across the pond” – First trans-Atlantic wireless.
- “Kilby’s chip 58” – IC → think “K-58” like a missile name.
- “4004 in 71” – 4-digit processor in 1971 (Intel).
🚂 Railway-Specific Inventions
| Item | Inventor / Company | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Steam Locomotive | George Stephenson | 1814 |
| Diesel Locomotive | Rudolf Diesel + GM EMD | 1920s |
| Electric Locomotive | Werner von Siemens | 1879 (Berlin) |
| Air-Brake | George Westinghouse | 1869 |
| Janney Coupler | Eli Janney | 1873 (used in Indian Railways) |
📌 Quick 4-Pointer Summary
- 15th C → Printing (Gutenberg)
- 18th C → Steam (Watt)
- 19th C → Phone-Bulb-Train trio (Bell, Edison, Diesel)
- 20th C → Transistor-IC-Internet (Bell Labs, Kilby, Berners-Lee)
🔍 10 Likely RRB Exam Questions (Click to Expand)
-
Who invented the Steam Engine (improved version)?
→ James Watt (1769) -
In which year was the Telephone patented?
→ 1876 -
Who is called the “Father of the World Wide Web”?
→ Tim Berners-Lee -
Which Indian-born scientist co-invented the USB standard?
→ Ajay Bhatt -
The first successful antibiotic Penicillin was discovered in which year?
→ 1928 -
Who built the famous steam locomotive “Rocket”?
→ George Stephenson -
The Raman Effect was discovered in the same year as Penicillin; what was the year?
→ 1928 -
Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor, came out in:
→ 1971 -
The @ symbol in email addresses was first used by:
→ Ray Tomlinson -
Match the pair: Diesel Engine – Rudolf Diesel; Printing Press – ?
→ Johannes Gutenberg
🎯 Last-Day Mantra:
“69-Watt-Steam, 76-Bell-Phone, 28-Fleming-Fungus, 71-Intel-Email” – repeat 3 times & sleep!
BETA
