Answer: A) 395

Solution: The original Constitution of India had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules. Through various amendments, the number has increased to 448 articles currently.

Shortcut: Remember “3-9-5” as the original number (like 3-2-1 countdown)

Concept: Indian Constitution - Basic Structure

Answer: A) Article 14-18

Solution: Articles 14-18 constitute the Right to Equality:

• Art 14: Equality before law
• Art 15: Prohibition of discrimination
• Art 16: Equality of opportunity
• Art 17: Abolition of untouchability
• Art 18: Abolition of titles

Concept: Indian Constitution - Fundamental Rights

Answer: A) Mini Constitution

Solution: The 42nd Amendment (1976) is called the “Mini Constitution” because it made sweeping changes to the Constitution including adding Fundamental Duties, changing Preamble, and giving primacy to Directive Principles.

Shortcut: Remember 42 = 4+2 = 6 (like 6 major changes)

Concept: Indian Constitution - Important Amendments

Answer: A) Eighth Schedule

Solution: The Eighth Schedule contains 22 recognized languages of India. Originally it had 14 languages, now includes languages like Sanskrit, Dogri, Bodo, Maithili, etc.

Concept: Indian Constitution - Schedules

Answer: B) 35 years

Solution: Article 58 specifies that a candidate for President must:

• Be a citizen of India
• Have completed 35 years of age
• Be qualified for election as MP
• Not hold any office of profit

Concept: Indian Constitution - President

Answer: A) 61st Amendment

Solution: The 61st Amendment (1988) reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years by amending Article 326, enabling youth participation in democracy.

Concept: Indian Constitution - Electoral Reforms

Answer: A) Ireland

Solution: The Directive Principles (Part IV, Articles 36-51) are borrowed from the Irish Constitution. They guide the state in policy-making but are not enforceable by courts.

Concept: Indian Constitution - Sources & Borrowed Features

Answer: A) Article 3

Solution: Article 3 empowers Parliament to:

• Form new states
• Alter areas/boundaries of existing states
• Unite/merge states
• Change names of states Requires simple majority in Parliament.

Concept: Indian Constitution - Federal Structure

Answer: A) USA

Solution: Judicial Review (power of courts to examine constitutionality of laws) is borrowed from the US Constitution. Established through landmark cases like Kesavananda Bharati (1973).

Concept: Indian Constitution - Borrowed Features

Answer: A) 42nd Amendment

Solution: The 42nd Amendment (1976) added three words to the Preamble:

• Socialist
• Secular
• Integrity (to “unity and integrity of the nation”)

Concept: Indian Constitution - Preamble Amendments

Answer: 11

Solution: Originally 10 duties were added by 42nd Amendment (1976). The 11th duty (to provide education to children) was added by 86th Amendment (2002) under Article 51A.

Exam Tip: Remember “10+1 = 11” (10 original + 1 added later)

Answer: Part VIII (Articles 239-242)

Solution: Part VIII specifically deals with administration of Union Territories. Currently, India has 8 Union Territories.

Exam Tip: Remember “Part 8 for UTs” (both have 8 letters)

Answer: 250 members

Solution: Article 80 specifies Rajya Sabha maximum strength:

• Total: 250 members
• Elected: 238 (representing states/UTs)
• Nominated: 12 (by President - literature, science, art, social service)

Exam Tip: “250 = 238 + 12” (remember this equation)

Answer: Article 155

Solution: Article 155: Governor is appointed by President. Article 156 specifies 5-year term but holds office during President’s pleasure.

Exam Tip: “155 for appointment, 156 for term” (consecutive numbers)

Answer: November 26

Solution: Constitution Day (Samvidhan Divas) is celebrated on November 26 every year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution in 1949. It came into force on January 26, 1950.

Exam Tip: “26 November adopted, 26 January enforced” (both have 26)