General Awareness Polity One Liners
📘 Polity Quick-Revision Sheet for RRB | Last-Day Capsule
🧠 Golden One-Liners (MUST-KNOW)
- Longest written constitution → India (448 Art., 12 Sched.)
- Father of Indian Constitution → Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
- 42nd Amendment → “Mini-Constitution” & added “Socialist, Secular, Integrity”
- Basic-structure doctrine → Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
- Emergency provisions → Part XVIII (Art. 352-360)
- President’s Rule → Art. 356 → imposed on State
- Money Bill → Lok Sabha only (Speaker’s certificate final)
- No-confidence motion → Lok Sabha only (50 MPs +)
- Impeachment of President → Art. 61 → Needs 1/2 total + 2/3 present & voting in each House
- Gram Sabha → Art. 243 → Constitutional body (73rd Amend.)
🗂️ Articles-to-Topic Quick Map
| Article | One-Word Hook | Memory |
|---|---|---|
| 14 | Equality | 14 = FAIR teen |
| 19 | 6 Freedoms | 19 = 1-9 = Speech, Assem., Assoc., Move, Reside, Occupation |
| 21 | Life & Liberty | 21 = Blackjack = Life-line |
| 32 | Remedies | 32 = 32-teeth bite injustice |
| 44 | UCC | 44 = Double 4 = Uniform for All |
| 51A | Fundamental Duties | 51A = 5-1-A = Always Act for Nation |
| 80 | RS strength | 80 = Rajya Sabha seats |
| 108 | Joint sitting | 108 = Emergency dial for House meet |
| 324 | Election Commission | 324 = 3-2-4 = ECI controls polls |
| 368 | Amendment | 368 = 3-6-8 = Mix numbers to amend |
⚖️ Three-Seat Shortcut (Exam Favourite)
| Seat | Strength | Reserved/Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Lok Sabha | 543 elected | 530 States + 13 UTs |
| Rajya Sabha | 245 (233 elected + 12 nom.) | Never dissolves; 1/3 retire every 2 yrs |
| Supreme Court | 34 Judges (CJI + 33) | Retire at 65 |
🏛️ President vs Governor (2-Column Trick)
| Power | President | Governor |
|---|---|---|
| Ordinance | All-India | State only |
| Pocket veto | YES | NO |
| Money Bill | Central budget | State budget |
| Assent options | 3 (yes, no, return) | 4 (+ reserve for President) |
🧮 High-Frequency Formulas
- Quorum in LS/RS = 1/10 of total strength
- Special majority = Art. 368 = 1/2 total + 2/3 present & voting
- Effective majority = Vacancy excluded (used in Art. 111 for Money Bill)
- Rajya Sabha state seats = (Population/1 mn) rounded; min 1
🔤 Mnemonics Corner
-
DPSP (Art. 36-51) → “WE LUV SIR”
W – Welfare state, E – Equal pay, L – Living wage, U – Uniform civil code, V – Village panchayat, S – Separation of judiciary, I – Improve health, R – Raise nutrition -
Fundamental Duties (Art. 51A 10-points)
“I NDIA STAR”
I – Integrity, N – National flag, D – Defend country, I – India’s heritage, A – Avoid anti-national, S – Scientific temper, T – To protect environment, A – Abide Constitution, R – Renounce violence -
Emergency Types (3)
“NSA”
N – National (Art. 352), S – State/President (Art. 356), A – Financial (Art. 360)
🧪 Common MCQ Bank
Who is the constitutional head of a state?
GovernorMinimum age for Rajya Sabha member?
30 yearsWhich amendment created Nagar-Panchayat?
74th Amendment (1992)Who elects the Vice-President?
MPs of Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha (Electoral college)Which schedule lists languages?
8th Schedule (22 languages)President can promulgate ordinance only when?
When Parliament is NOT in sessionWhich case pronounced ‘basic structure’?
Kesavananda Bharati 1973Single citizenship in India borrowed from?
UK (Britain)How many times Financial Emergency used?
Never (0)Which article abolished titles?
Art. 18🗓️ Quick Facts Table (Last-glance)
| Fact | Number/Year | Extra |
|---|---|---|
| Constituent Assembly set up | 1946 | 389 members |
| Constitution adopted | 26 Nov 1949 | Law day |
| Enforced | 26 Jan 1950 | Republic day |
| Original articles | 395 | 22 parts |
| Current schedules | 12 | 9th added by 1st amend. |
| 1st CEC | Sukumar Sen | 1950 |
| 1st LS election | 1951-52 | 489 seats |
| 1st woman judge SC | M. Fathima Beevi | 1989 |
| 1st no-confidence motion | 1963 (Acharya Kripalani vs Nehru) | Won by Nehru |
🚀 60-Second Rapid Recall (Close Eyes & Repeat)
- 324-ECI, 356-State, 368-Amend, 44-UCC, 51A-Duties
- DPSP = Non-justiciable, FR = Justiciable
- Money Bill → LS only, Speaker tag final
- Joint sitting → Art. 108 → 7th time 2002 (Prevention of Terrorism)
- President Rule max 6 months at a stretch (total 3 yrs with extensions)
Revise thrice, score nice. All the best!
BETA
